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Supreme Court - C.20.0323.N - Revision history
2024-03-29T13:43:54Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21033&oldid=prev
FD: /* Holding */
2021-10-28T07:07:37Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Holding</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:07, 28 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court annulled the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels because it considered that the Court of Appeal did not correctly apply the law.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court annulled the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels because it considered that the Court of Appeal did not correctly apply the law.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court considered in particular that the Court of Appeal of Brussels erred in law by not properly considering whether the compulsory reading of an identity card as the only <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">means </del>of creating a customer loyalty card is contrary to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">free </del>consent <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sense of </del>[[Article 6 GDPR|Article 6(1)(a) GDPR]], when refusal to provide such data results into a disadvantage for the data subject (such as not being able to obtain discounts).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court considered in particular that the Court of Appeal of Brussels erred in law by not properly considering whether the compulsory reading of an identity card as the only <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mean </ins>of creating a customer loyalty card is contrary to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the principle of data minimisation under Article 5(1)(c) GDPR, and contrary to the obligation to obtain the ''freely given'' </ins>consent <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data subject under </ins>[[Article 6 GDPR|Article 6(1)(a) GDPR]], when refusal to provide such data results into a disadvantage for the data subject (such as not being able to obtain discounts).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the Court of Appeal should have considered the loss of an advantage in assessing whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Belgian DPA can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless of whether personal data of that data subject have actually been processed (in this case, the customer who filed the complaint with the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the Court of Appeal should have considered the loss of an advantage in assessing whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Belgian DPA can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless of whether personal data of that data subject have actually been processed (in this case, the customer who filed the complaint with the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21032&oldid=prev
FD at 06:57, 28 October 2021
2021-10-28T06:57:23Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 06:57, 28 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that the lawfulness of a processing activity should have been assessed by the trial judge on the basis of Article 6 GDPR even if no personal data was processed<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, given that data subjects have been deprived of an advantage precisely because they did not consent </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the processing </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">personal data</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that the lawfulness of a processing activity should have been assessed by the trial judge on the basis of Article 6 GDPR even if no personal data was processed<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. The case related to a customer's refusal to provide his electronic ID card to a shop owner </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">become part </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a loyalty program</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td></tr>
</table>
FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21006&oldid=prev
FD: /* Facts */
2021-10-27T07:57:54Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Facts</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:57, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On 17 September 2019, the Belgian DPA fined the shop owner for requiring customers to present their eID in order to obtain a loyalty card and imposed a fine of €10,000. The shop owner appealed that decision.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On 17 September 2019, the Belgian DPA fined the shop owner for requiring customers to present their eID in order to obtain a loyalty card and imposed a fine of €10,000. The shop owner appealed that decision.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The imposed fine of €10,000 was later annulled by the Court of Appeal of Brussels, because (i) the new eID legislation could not be applied retroactively ; (ii) the fine was not sufficiently justified and (iii) the data linked to the eID of the Complainant had actually not been processed by the shop owner, since the data subject had refused to provide such eID. The Belgian DPA <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">appealed that </del>decision before the Supreme Court of Belgium.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The imposed fine of €10,000 was later annulled by the Court of Appeal of Brussels, because (i) the new eID legislation could not be applied retroactively ; (ii) the fine was not sufficiently justified and (iii) the data linked to the eID of the Complainant had actually not been processed by the shop owner, since the data subject had refused to provide such eID. The Belgian DPA <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">contested the legality of such a </ins>decision before the Supreme Court of Belgium.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21005&oldid=prev
FD at 07:57, 27 October 2021
2021-10-27T07:57:03Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:57, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that the lawfulness of a processing activity should have been assessed by the trial judge on the basis of Article 6 GDPR even if no personal data was processed <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in a case where </del>data subjects have been deprived of an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that the lawfulness of a processing activity should have been assessed by the trial judge on the basis of Article 6 GDPR even if no personal data was processed<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, given that </ins>data subjects have been deprived of an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21004&oldid=prev
FD: /* Holding */
2021-10-27T07:56:11Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Holding</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:56, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For these reasons, the Supreme Court annulled the contested decision and referred the case back to the Court of Appeal of Brussels.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For these reasons, the Supreme Court annulled the contested decision and referred the case back to the Court of Appeal of Brussels.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>N.B. The Supreme Court can only <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">overturn </del>a decision based on its legality ; by contrast, the Supreme Court cannot rule on the merits of a case. Hence, the Court of Appeal of Brussels will have to adopt a new decision in line with the ruling of the Supreme Court.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>N.B. The Supreme Court can only <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">annul </ins>a decision based on its legality ; by contrast, the Supreme Court cannot rule on the merits of a case. Hence, the Court of Appeal of Brussels will have to adopt a new decision in line with the ruling of the Supreme Court.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21003&oldid=prev
FD: /* Holding */
2021-10-27T07:55:51Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Holding</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:55, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">overturned </del>the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels because it considered that the Court of Appeal did not apply the law <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">correctly</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">annulled </ins>the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels because it considered that the Court of Appeal did not <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">correctly </ins>apply the law.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court considered that the Court of Appeal of Brussels erred in law by not properly considering whether the compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer loyalty card is contrary to free consent, when such <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">refusal </del>results into a disadvantage (such as not being able to obtain discounts).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court considered <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in particular </ins>that the Court of Appeal of Brussels erred in law by not properly considering whether the compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer loyalty card is contrary to free consent <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in the sense of [[Article 6 GDPR|Article 6(1)(a) GDPR]]</ins>, when <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">refusal to provide </ins>such <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data </ins>results into a disadvantage <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for the data subject </ins>(such as not being able to obtain discounts).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the Court of Appeal should have considered <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">whether </del>the loss of an advantage <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">must be taken into account </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the assessment </del>whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Belgian DPA can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless of whether personal data of that data subject have actually been processed (in this case, the customer who filed the complaint with the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the Court of Appeal should have considered the loss of an advantage in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">assessing </ins>whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Belgian DPA can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless of whether personal data of that data subject have actually been processed (in this case, the customer who filed the complaint with the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For these reasons, the Supreme Court annulled the decision <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of </del>the Court of Appeal of Brussels.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For these reasons, the Supreme Court annulled the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">contested </ins>decision <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and referred the case back to </ins>the Court of Appeal of Brussels.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>N.B. The Supreme Court can only overturn a decision based on its legality ; by contrast, the Supreme Court cannot rule on the merits of a case. Hence, the Court of Appeal of Brussels will have to adopt a new decision in line with the ruling of the Supreme Court.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>N.B. The Supreme Court can only overturn a decision based on its legality ; by contrast, the Supreme Court cannot rule on the merits of a case. Hence, the Court of Appeal of Brussels will have to adopt a new decision in line with the ruling of the Supreme Court.</div></td></tr>
</table>
FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21002&oldid=prev
FD at 07:51, 27 October 2021
2021-10-27T07:51:45Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:51, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data subjects </del>have the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">right to lodge a complaint based </del>on the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">principles </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data minimization and lawfulness, </del>even if <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">their </del>personal data <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">were not effectively </del>processed<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, given that they were </del>deprived of an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the lawfulness of a processing activity should </ins>have <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">been assessed by </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">trial judge </ins>on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">basis </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Article 6 GDPR </ins>even if <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">no </ins>personal data <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was </ins>processed <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in a case where data subjects have been </ins>deprived of an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21001&oldid=prev
FD: /* Holding */
2021-10-27T07:43:46Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Holding</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:43, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court overturned the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, on the merits </del>that <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a GDPR infringement can occur even in </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">absence </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">any processing</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court overturned the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">because it considered </ins>that the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Court </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Appeal did not apply the law correctly</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">confirmed </del>that compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer card is contrary to free consent <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">because </del>refusal <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">effectively </del>results <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in </del>a disadvantage (such as not being able to obtain discounts)<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Apart from that, it is also difficult for customers to assess whether more data than necessary has been processed without them knowing about the processing</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">considered </ins>that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the Court of Appeal of Brussels erred in law by not properly considering whether the </ins>compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">loyalty </ins>card is contrary to free consent<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, when such </ins>refusal results <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">into </ins>a disadvantage (such as not being able to obtain discounts).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">On the other hand, the </del>Supreme Court <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">did not discuss </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fine line between a disadvantage and </del>the loss of an <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">extra </del>advantage in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">determining </del>whether <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">GDPR </del>consent is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">regarded </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">be 'freely' provided</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>Supreme Court <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">stated that </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Court of Appeal should have considered whether </ins>the loss of an advantage <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">must be taken into account </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the assessment </ins>whether consent is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Belgian DPA can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless of whether personal data of that data subject have actually been processed (in this case, the customer who filed the complaint with the Belgian DPA refused </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">give the eID card and thus no data was processed)</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </del>Supreme Court <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">stated that </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">loss </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">discounts must be taken into account in </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">assessment whether consent is freely given under GDPR</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It also confirmed that </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Data Protection Authority can handle and act </del>on <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a complaint </del>of a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data subject</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">regardless </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">whether personal data </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">that data subject </del>have <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">actually been processed (</del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">this case, the customer who filed the complaint </del>with the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Belgian DPA refused to give </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">eID card and thus no data was processed)</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For these reasons, the </ins>Supreme Court <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">annulled </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">decision </ins>of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Court of Appeal of Brussels.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">N.B</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The Supreme Court can only overturn a decision based on its legality ; by contrast, </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Supreme Court cannot rule </ins>on <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the merits </ins>of a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">case. Hence</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the Court </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Appeal </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Brussels will </ins>have <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to adopt a new decision </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">line </ins>with the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ruling of </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Supreme Court</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=21000&oldid=prev
FD: /* Facts */
2021-10-27T07:25:23Z
<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Facts</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:25, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that data subjects have the right to lodge a complaint based on the principles of data minimization and lawfulness, even if their personal data were not effectively processed, given that they were deprived <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">from </del>an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that data subjects have the right to lodge a complaint based on the principles of data minimization and lawfulness, even if their personal data were not effectively processed, given that they were deprived <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of </ins>an advantage precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Facts ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Facts ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A shop owner tied admission to a loyalty scheme to the presentation of an eID (i.e. a Belgian electronic identity card). <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </del>data <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subjects considered </del>that <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </del>data processing was excessive and not proportionate<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>taking into account the purpose of the processing. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A </del>complaint <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was filed </del>before the Belgian DPA ([[APD/GBA (Belgium)|APD/GBA]]) by <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a data subject who had refused to provide his eID</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A shop owner tied admission to a loyalty scheme to the presentation of an eID (i.e. a Belgian electronic identity card). <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A </ins>data <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subject refused to provide his eID, considering </ins>that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">such </ins>data processing was excessive and not proportionate <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">when </ins>taking into account the purpose of the processing. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The data subject further filed a </ins>complaint <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins>before the Belgian DPA ([[APD/GBA (Belgium)|APD/GBA]]) <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for being deprived of the advantages conferred </ins>by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the loyalty scheme</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On 17 September 2019, the Belgian DPA fined the shop owner for requiring customers to present their eID in order to obtain a loyalty card and imposed a fine of €10,000. The shop owner appealed that decision.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On 17 September 2019, the Belgian DPA fined the shop owner for requiring customers to present their eID in order to obtain a loyalty card and imposed a fine of €10,000. The shop owner appealed that decision.</div></td></tr>
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FD
https://gdprhub.eu/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_-_C.20.0323.N&diff=20999&oldid=prev
FD: Thank you for this summary! I made minimal changes such as (i) changing a few words in the summary to make it shorter (it has to fit the Newsletter); (ii) took out the sub-headin in the "facts" section as they were not strictly necessary to understand the facts and procedural background; (iii) added a few lines in the facts to clarify the procedural background (such as, "the Belgian DPA appealed that decision before the Supreme Court"; (iv) fixed the meta data in the box.
2021-10-27T07:21:31Z
<p>Thank you for this summary! I made minimal changes such as (i) changing a few words in the summary to make it shorter (it has to fit the Newsletter); (ii) took out the sub-headin in the "facts" section as they were not strictly necessary to understand the facts and procedural background; (iii) added a few lines in the facts to clarify the procedural background (such as, "the Belgian DPA appealed that decision before the Supreme Court"; (iv) fixed the meta data in the box.</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:21, 27 October 2021</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Party_Link_5=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Party_Link_5=</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Appeal_From_Body=Court of Appeal of Brussels</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Appeal_From_Body=Court of Appeal of Brussels <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(Belgium)</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Appeal_From_Case_Number_Name=2019/AR/1600</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>|Appeal_From_Case_Number_Name=2019/AR/1600</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that data <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subject always has </del>the right to lodge a complaint<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>based on the principles of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">minimal </del>data <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">processing </del>and lawfulness, even if their personal data <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">are </del>not effectively processed <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">but </del>they <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have not obtained a benefit </del>precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Belgian Supreme Court ruled that data <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">subjects have </ins>the right to lodge a complaint based on the principles of data <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">minimization </ins>and lawfulness, even if their personal data <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">were </ins>not effectively processed<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, given that </ins>they <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">were deprived from an advantage </ins>precisely because they did not consent to the processing of personal data.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== English Summary ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Facts ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Facts ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Facts </del>of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">original decision:''' </del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A shop owner tied admission to a loyalty scheme to the presentation </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">an eID (i.e. a Belgian electronic identity card). The data subjects considered that the data processing was excessive and not proportionate, taking into account the purpose of the processing. A complaint was filed before </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Belgian DPA ([[APD/GBA (Belgium)|APD/GBA]]) by a data subject who had refused to provide his eID. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A </del>shop owner <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tied admission </del>to a loyalty <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">scheme to the presentation </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the eID (Belgian identity card)</del>. The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">data processed was excessive and not proportionate, taking into account the purpose of the processing</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">On 17 September 2019, the Belgian DPA fined the </ins>shop owner <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for requiring customers to present their eID in order </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">obtain </ins>a loyalty <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">card and imposed a fine </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">€10,000</ins>. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">shop owner appealed that decision</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Annulled by the Court of Appeal of Brussels:'''</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </ins>imposed fine of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">€10</ins>,000 was later annulled by the Court of Appeal of Brussels, because (i) the new eID legislation could not be applied retroactively <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">; </ins>(ii) the fine was not sufficiently justified <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and (iii) the data linked to the eID of the Complainant had actually not been processed by the shop owner, since the data subject had refused to provide such eID. The Belgian DPA appealed that decision before the Supreme Court of Belgium</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">On 17 September 2019, the Belgian Data Protection Authority fined a merchant for requiring customers to present their electronic identity card (eID) in order to obtain a loyalty card. However, the </del>imposed fine of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">€ 10</del>,000 was later annulled by the Court of Appeal of Brussels, because (i) the new eID legislation could not be applied retroactively <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </del>(ii) the fine was not sufficiently justified.</div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Holding ===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court overturned the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels, on the merits that a GDPR infringement can occur even in the absence of processing.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court overturned the decision of the Court of Appeal of Brussels, on the merits that a GDPR infringement can occur even in the absence of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">any </ins>processing.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">has </del>confirmed that compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer card is contrary to free consent because refusal effectively results in a disadvantage (such as not being able to obtain discounts). Apart from that, it is also difficult for customers to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">check </del>whether more data than necessary has been processed without them knowing.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court confirmed that compulsory reading of an identity card as the only means of creating a customer card is contrary to free consent because refusal effectively results in a disadvantage (such as not being able to obtain discounts). Apart from that, it is also difficult for customers to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">assess </ins>whether more data than necessary has been processed without them knowing <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">about the processing</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On the other hand, the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">court does </del>not <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">provide any more advice on </del>the fine line between a disadvantage<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/detriment </del>and the loss of an extra advantage in determining whether GDPR consent is regarded to be 'freely' provided.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On the other hand, the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Supreme Court did </ins>not <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">discuss </ins>the fine line between a disadvantage and the loss of an extra advantage in determining whether GDPR consent is regarded to be 'freely' provided.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the loss of discounts must be taken into account in the assessment whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Data Protection Authority can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless whether personal data of that data subject <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">are being </del>processed (in this case, the customer who filed <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a </del>complaint <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">at </del>the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Supreme Court stated that the loss of discounts must be taken into account in the assessment whether consent is freely given under GDPR. It also confirmed that the Data Protection Authority can handle and act on a complaint of a data subject, regardless <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of </ins>whether personal data of that data subject <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have actually been </ins>processed (in this case, the customer who filed <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </ins>complaint <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with </ins>the Belgian DPA refused to give the eID card and thus no data was processed).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment ==</div></td></tr>
</table>
FD