Rb. Overijssel - 8403670 \ CV EXPL 20-1229
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| Rb. Overijssel - 8403670 \ CV EXPL 20-1229 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Court: | Rb. Overijssel (Netherlands) |
| Jurisdiction: | Netherlands |
| Relevant Law: | civil law |
| Decided: | 09.02.2021 |
| Published: | 15.03.2021 |
| Parties: | |
| National Case Number/Name: | 8403670 \ CV EXPL 20-1229 |
| European Case Law Identifier: | ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:649 |
| Appeal from: | |
| Appeal to: | |
| Original Language(s): | Dutch |
| Original Source: | Uitspraken (in Dutch) |
| Initial Contributor: | n/a |
Dutch Court finds that a GDPR infringement may not constitute a breach of acquisition contract
English Summary
Facts
A window cleaning company (Plaintiff) sold its customer database to the Defendant. The Plaintiff requested a fee for the database. The Defendant paid a third of the fee to the Plaintiff and did not want to pay the rest of the fee, as it argued that the transfer of the customer database did not comply with the GDPR. It claimed that the Plaintiff failed to ask for the customers’ consent and provided inaccurate and incomplete personal data - customers’ emails were missing. As a result, the Defendant argued that the Plaintiff did not comply with the acquisition agreement.
Dispute
Can the Defendant’s claim based on the GDPR invalidate an acquisition contract?
Holding
The court hold that the Plaintiff complied with the acquisition agreement and decided that the lack of consent does not constitute a breach of contract. The Plaintiff did not commit to obtain costumer’ consent and, the compliance with the GDPR was not part of the contractual obligations negotiated. Therefore, the parties did not agree that the Plaintiff would ask for consent and that the failure to do so should constitute a defect. The Court further explained that a GDPR infringement may be sanctioned with an administrative fine, which the Dutch DPA may impose on the parties involved. This does not mean that an acquisition agreement, in which data of third parties are 'traded', must be considered as invalid. Nor does it provide a ground for termination. Thus, the Defendant must pay the agreed purchase price, plus interests and the cost of the proceedings.
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English Machine Translation of the Decision
The decision below is a machine translation of the Dutch original. Please refer to the Dutch original for more details.
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</div --><div class="toolbar"></div><!-- END HEADER --><div class="rs-main-contentarea" id="mainContent" data-target=".rs-main-contentarea"> <a class="rnl-button rnl-pagefeedbackform-button no-print" onclick="navigaToFeedbackForm();" href="javascript:undefined"><span>Feedback</span></a> <div class="rnl-content rnl-content-main"><div class="rnl-header-image-container"><div class="rnl-image-gradient"></div><img src="/SharedWebResources.axd?images/uitspraken-header-image-comp.jpg" alt="" /></div><div class="container"><div class="page-header rnl-page-header rnl-page-header-image"><div class="row"><div id="header" class="col-md-8"><h1> Pronunciations </h1></div></div><!--/.row --></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"><div class="rs-panel zoektermen-wrapper"><div class="rs-panel-heading no-print"><h2> <a class="rs-accordion-title" data-toggle="collapse" href="#zoektermen" role="button" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="zoektermen">Search terms found<span class="rs-collapse-icon-down"></span></a></h2></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-12"> <label for="showhighlights" id="showhighlightslabel" class="label-highlights pull-left highlights-background"><input type="checkbox" id="showhighlights" name="showhighlights" checked><span id="markeringen-toggle-tekst">Turn markers off</span></label> </div></div><div class="collapse in rs-panel-body gevondenZoektermen no-print" id="zoektermen"><!-- --></div></div></div></div><div class="row opnieuw-zoeken-buttons"><div class="col-md-4"> <a href="/" class="rs-btn rs-btn-secondary search-btn-uitspraken" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'opnieuw-zoeken']);">Search again</a></div><div class="col-md-4"> <a href="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'terug-naar-resultaten']);history.back();" class="rs-btn rs-btn-primary search-btn-uitspraken">Back to the results</a></div></div><div class="row nieuwe-zoekopdracht-button"><div class="col-md-4"> <a href="/" class="rs-btn rs-btn-primary search-btn-uitspraken">New search</a> </div></div><div id="alert-region"><!-- --></div><div class="row"><div id="content" class="col-md-12"><div id="Main" class="rs-panel"><div class="rs-panel-heading rs-heading-inline"><h1 id="ZoekresultaatTekst" class="structural"> Search result - view document</h1><h2 class="left"> ECLI: NL: RBOVE: 2021: 649</h2><div class="btn-group rs-share rs-hide-mobile no-print"> <button class="rs-btn-secondary rs-btn dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true">Share pronunciation<span class="tri-down"></span></button><ul class="dropdown-menu rs-dropdown" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1"><li> <a href="javascript:window.print()" id="linkToPrint" class="printUitspraak" title="Print the document" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'printen']);"><span>Print</span></a></li><li> <a class="pdfUitspraak no-print" href="/InzienDocument/GetPdf?ecli=ECLI%3ANL%3ARBOVE%3A2021%3A649" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'download-pdf']);">Save as PDF</a></li><li> <a href="javascript:undefined" id="copyUitspraak" class="no-print" data-clipboard-text="http://deeplink.rechtspraak.nl/uitspraak?id=ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:649" title="Copy link to statement" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'kopieer']);"><span>Copy link</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="rs-copied-to-clipboard" id="clipboardInfo" style="display: none;"> Link copied to clipboard</div></div><div class="rs-panel-body"><dl class="dl-horizontal"><dt> Authority</dt><dd> <span>Court of Overijssel</span></dd><dt> Date of judgment</dt><dd> 09-02-2021</dd><dt> Date of publication</dt><dd> 15-02-2021</dd><dt> Case number</dt><dd> <span>8403670 \ CV EXPL 20-1229</span><br /></dd><dt> Jurisdictions</dt><dd> <span>Civil rights</span><br /></dd><dt> Special characteristics</dt><dd> <span>First instance - single</span><br /></dd><dt> Content indication</dt><dd><div class="inhoudsindicatie"><p> Cantonal business. Claim for payment of the remaining purchase price as a result of the sale of a customer base for window cleaning. Discussion about whether the customer base is compliant with the agreement. The Subdistrict Court upheld the claim for payment of the remaining installments.</p></div></dd><dt> Locations</dt><dd> <span>Rechtspraak.nl</span><br /></dd><dt class="no-print"></dt><dd class="no-print"> <a href="https://linkeddata.overheid.nl/document/ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:649" id="linkToKoop" class="koopUitspraak" title="Enriched pronunciation"><span class="no-print">Enriched pronunciation</span></a></dd></dl><div class="btn-group rs-share rs-hide-desktop no-print"> <button class="rs-btn-secondary rs-btn dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenu1" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true">Share pronunciation<span class="tri-down"></span></button><ul class="dropdown-menu rs-dropdown" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenu1"><li> <a href="javascript:printUitspraak()" id="linkToPrint" class="printUitspraak" title="Print the document" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'printen']);"><span>Print</span></a></li><li> <a class="pdfUitspraak no-print" href="/InzienDocument/GetPdf?ecli=ECLI%3ANL%3ARBOVE%3A2021%3A649" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'download-pdf']);">Save as PDF</a></li><li> <a href="javascript:undefined" id="copyUitspraak" class="no-print" data-clipboard-text="http://deeplink.rechtspraak.nl/uitspraak?id=ECLI:NL:RBOVE:2021:649" title="Copy link to statement" onclick="javascript:_paq.push(['trackEvent','uitspraken-pagina', 'button', 'kopieer']);"><span>Copy link</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="uitspraakH3"><h3> Pronunciation </h3></div><div><div class="uitspraak"><div class="uitspraak-info"><h2 name="ID0EJ" style="font-weight:bold;" class="bridgehead"> COURT OF OVERIJSSEL</h2><p> Team canton and commercial law</p><p> Seat in Zwolle<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> Case number: 8403670 \ CV EXPL 20-1229</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">Judgment of February 9, 2021</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> in the case of</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">[A]</span> , house <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">[X]</span> ,</p><p> established in [place of business],</p><p> claimant in contract, defendant in counterclaim, hereinafter referred to as <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">[A]</span> ,</p><p> authorized representative: mr. MA Kerkdijk,</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> against</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">[B]</span> , trading name <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">TE [Y]</span> ,</p><p> residing and located in [place of business],</p><p> defendant in the counterclaim, claimant in the counterclaim, hereinafter referred to as <span class="emphasis" style="font-weight:bold;">[B]</span> ,</p><p> authorized representative: mr. JM Eerkes.</p></div><span class="linebreak2"></span></div><div class="section"><h2> <span class="nr">1</span> The procedure</h2><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">1.1.</span><p> Earlier, the Subdistrict Court rendered a judgment between the parties, which was pronounced on 28 July 2020. In it, the Subdistrict Court has ruled that the case is suitable for an oral hearing.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">1.2.</span><p> The oral hearing took place on October 8, 2020. Both [A] and [B] attended, assisted by their representatives. The attorney of [B] has presented his pleading note. The registrar has made notes of what the parties have further submitted.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">1.3.</span><p> After the oral hearing, the Subdistrict Court determined that he had been sufficiently informed to take a decision in this case. It was not possible to give judgment on the date previously communicated to the parties. That is why the decision will be included in this judgment today and explained to the parties.<span class="linebreak2"></span></p></div></div><div class="section overwegingen"><h2> <span class="nr">2</span> The assessment</h2><h2 name="ID0ESE" style="font-style:italic;" class="bridgehead"> What is this case about?</h2><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.1.</span><p> [A] has sold its customer base to [B] for an amount of € 9,000.00. [B] has paid € 3,000.00, but refuses to pay any more for the customer base. That is why [A] wants the Subdistrict Court to order [B] to pay the remainder of € 6,000.00, plus interest and costs. [B] has filed a counterclaim (counterclaim), which amounts to the Subdistrict Court ruling that he no longer owes [A] anything.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">What preceded the dispute.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.2.</span><p> [A] was involved in window cleaning of approximately 240 private addresses in the regions of Hardenberg, Ommen and Lemelerveld. [A] has decided to focus more on pest control from now on. For that reason he offered his customer base for sale. At the end of August 2019, [B] offered a price of € 9,000.00 including VAT, to be paid in three installments.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.3.</span><p> At the beginning of September 2019, [B] started washing windows for [A] customers. On September 19, 2019, the parties entered into a written agreement regarding the transfer of the customer base.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.4.</span><p> [B] has paid [A] the first installment, an amount of € 3,000.00. He refuses to pay the remainder to [A], despite [A] reminders to do so.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">What [A] wants.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.5.</span><p> [A] wants the Subdistrict Court to order [B] to pay him € 6,000.00. Because [B] has not paid on time, according to [A] he also owes compensation for the statutory commercial interest and in addition the extrajudicial collection costs (€ 816.75 including VAT). Finally, [A] wants [B] to be ordered to pay the costs of these proceedings, including an amount for subsequent costs.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The defense of [B].</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.6.</span><p> [B] has argued that [A] has failed to fulfill the obligations arising from the purchase agreement on three points. [B] is of the opinion that he can therefore suffice with the partial payment of € 3,000.00 made by him, and that he owes nothing more to [A]. According to [B], [A] has failed on the following three points.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.6.1.</span><p> First, the transfer of the customer base does not comply with the General <span class="hl0">Data Protection</span> Regulation (GDPR). The data of the private customers from the customer base of [A] fall under the scope of the GDPR. This means that [A] should have asked the customers for permission to provide the data to [B]. According to [B], [A] cannot invoke the 'legitimate interest' under the GDPR, which exempts him from that obligation. There is therefore a defect in the fulfillment of the agreement.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.6.2.</span><p> Secondly, the data from the customer base is not complete and provided in the correct form. [B] wanted to receive the data digitally, but [A] submitted a paper printout of the customer file. Furthermore, not every customer is given the full name or an e-mail address.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.6.3.</span><p> Finally, the customer base does not meet the expectations that [B] could have. [B] assumed to acquire approximately 240 customers (minus 10% outages) from [A] and to be able to serve them from now on. However, it has been found that about two-thirds of the customers referred to do not wish to purchase the services of [B]. According to [B], this can be regarded as a defect in the performance of the agreement.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The counterclaim of [B].</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.7.</span><p> [B] has given [A] notice of default by letter dated 1 May 2020 and has ordered that it will still provide a proper customer base. [B] offers [A] the prospect that he will partially dissolve the purchase agreement if [A] does not respond to this notice of default.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.8.</span><p> As a counterclaim, [B] wants the Subdistrict Court to rule in court that the purchase agreement has been partially dissolved as of May 15, 2020, whereby the purchase price has been reduced by € 6,000.00. If the Subdistrict Court rejects that claim, [B] (alternatively) wants the Subdistrict Court to partially dissolve the purchase agreement, or (in the further alternative) partially annul or amend the agreement in order to eliminate the disadvantage that [B] has suffered (€ 6,000. 00).<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.9.</span><p> In all of this, [B] claims that [A] be ordered to pay the costs of these proceedings.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The judgment of the subdistrict court.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.10.</span><p> The Subdistrict Court is of the opinion that [A] has adequately fulfilled his obligations under the purchase agreement. He is therefore entitled to payment of the agreed purchase price, so that the Subdistrict Court will order [B] to pay € 6,000.00, plus interest and costs. [B] is the party that has been unsuccessful, both in the convention and in the counterclaim. He is therefore ordered to pay the costs of these proceedings. The Subdistrict Court will further explain his judgment below.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The role of the GDPR.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.11.</span><p> The GDPR has given people more opportunities to stand up for themselves when processing their data. Their privacy rights have been strengthened and expanded. The question is whether [A] was allowed to provide the data of the private customers to a third party without violating the GDPR. As a rule, permission is required for the processing of personal data, unless there is a legitimate interest.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.12.</span><div class="parablock"><p> However, the fact that customers have not been asked for permission does not constitute a defect in the fulfillment of the agreement. In the first place, this is because this was not a topic of discussion for [A] and [B] prior to the conclusion of the purchase agreement. In any case, according to the purchase agreement, [A] has not undertaken any obligation to obtain permission from its customers to transfer the data to [B], let alone provide a guarantee for this. Also [B] has not insisted on a method of transfer that is in line with the rules of the GDPR. The parties have therefore not agreed that [A] would request permission, and failure to do so does not constitute a defect. To that extent, the Subdistrict Court appeals by [B] to a possible violation of the GDPR also appears to be improper.</p><p> In the second place, it is the case that acting in violation of the GDPR can be punished with an administrative fine, which the Dutch Data Protection Authority can impose on data subjects. This does not mean that a purchase agreement in which data from third parties is 'traded' is threatened with nullity. Nor does it provide a ground for dissolution.</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The manner in which the customer base is provided.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.13.</span><p> [B] complains that he would have liked to receive the customer file digitally, but received it in paper form. In addition, some customers are missing certain information, such as email addresses. But [B] has not made it clear that he has asked [A] to deliver the customer file digitally after all. He also did not respond to [A] statement that he does not have an e-mail address for every customer. Finally, [B] did not mention these defects in its notice of default of 1 May 2020. In the opinion of the Subdistrict Court, these complaints cannot lead to the conclusion that [A] has failed.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">Does the customer base comply with the agreement?</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.14.</span><p> After receiving the customer base, [B] approached the customers in [A] 's former work area to inform them that he had taken over the cleaning work from [A]. About 37% of the transferred customers subsequently indicated that they also wanted to become a customer of the window cleaning service of [B]. That that percentage is not higher, [B] regards as a defect in the fulfillment of the agreement.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.15.</span><p> The question whether the low percentage of customers who also want to purchase the services of [B] qualifies as a failure to fulfill the obligations arising from the purchase agreement must be answered by explaining the agreement between the parties (Haviltex, standard judgment of the Supreme Court, available at www.rechtspraak.nl with reference: ECLI: NL: HR: 1981: AG4158). It is not only important what the (written) agreement is exactly, but also what the parties could reasonably expect from each other.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.16.</span><p> The Subdistrict Court considered that for the interpretation of the agreement it is difficult to link with the text of the agreement of 19 September 2019. The agreement had already been concluded and implemented beforehand, because [A] agreed to a price of € 9,000.00 and [B] already visited the former customers of [A] at the beginning of September 2019. Under Section 2, [A] delivers to [B] <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">"the intangible assets as defined in the Intangible Assets Schedule to this Agreement."</span> [A] has not submitted those appendices, so that the precise description of the 'intangible assets' is unknown to the Subdistrict Court. Article 3 states that [A] guarantees to be 'fully entitled' to the intangible assets, but it is difficult to see that a customer base qualifies as an asset to which someone can be entitled. What that guarantee then refers to is not clear. It appears to the Subdistrict Court that the parties did not intend to express their concrete agreements in this written agreement. All this leads the Subdistrict Court to interpret the agreement mainly on the basis of what the parties have further put forward in these proceedings.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.17.</span><p> Assuming that it is established that [A] would transfer his customer base, consisting of approximately 240 addresses, to [B] for € 9,000.00. The fact that it is certainly possible that there will be customers who would not want to become a customer of [B] was a factor that [B] has already taken into account. After all, he assumed that 10% could fail. Whether that percentage, or any other percentage dropout, was discussed in advance with [A] has not been stated or proven. Nor has a provision been made for the event that the percentage dropout would be greater than expected. The assertion that only 37% actually became a customer - which [A] has, incidentally, disputed - does not automatically lead to the conclusion that [A] has failed.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.18.</span><p> [B] could further expect that the customer database would contain the details of people who were actually customers of [A] prior to the conclusion of the purchase agreement. [B] alleges a failure to fulfill the agreement, because the 240 customers included people who were <span class="emphasis" style="border-bottom:1px solid black;">no longer</span> customers. In the opinion of the Subdistrict Court, this could indeed result in a shortcoming. This means that it is up to [B] to argue and prove in these proceedings that the customer base mentioned customers who had already canceled their agreement with [A]. [B] has not succeeded in this. He has provided some undated reports showing that customers [A] have canceled. It is clear from one response that the customer in question has already canceled 2.5 years ago. The other reactions cannot be placed in time. [B] has therefore not succeeded in stating with sufficient substantiation that [A] has provided insufficient up-to-date customer data, partly in the light of [A] 's defense to this.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.19.</span><p> In the opinion of the Subdistrict Court, more or other obligations with regard to the customer base do not arise from the agreement between the parties. This means that the customer base complies with the agreement. With that, the curtain falls on the partial dissolution of the agreement.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.20.</span><p> For the sake of completeness, the Subdistrict Court found that [B] was faced with another advantage from the agreement. [A] has withdrawn and undertakes to leave the area to [B]. With the agreement, [B] has achieved less competition in the regions concerned.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">No appeal to error possible.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.21.</span><p> [B] has been confronted with the unfortunate outcome of the transfer of the customer base, which not everyone wants to do with his company. However, in the opinion of the Subdistrict Court, that does not justify an appeal to error. [A] 's customers have been informed that [A] would stop and [B] would take over the service. [B] then left it up to customers whether they wanted to use its window cleaning service in the future. That is pre-eminently a future circumstance, depending on the will of third parties. The law offers no protection against an unfortunate course of that future in the form of a possible appeal to error (Article 6: 228 paragraph 2 of the Dutch Civil Code).<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> <span class="emphasis" style="font-style:italic;">The conclusion.</span></p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.22.</span><p> None of the defenses of [B] succeed and the Subdistrict Court dismisses the claim in counterclaim. This means that [B] has to pay the remaining purchase price of € 6,000.00 to [A]. Unless otherwise contradicted, he owes compensation for the statutory commercial interest.</p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.23.</span><p> [A] claims reimbursement of the extrajudicial collection costs in the amount of € 816.75 including VAT. [A] calculated that amount in accordance with the Extrajudicial Collection Costs (Reimbursement) Decree and [B] did not put forward a defense. Compensation is therefore appropriate. However, the claimed VAT on this is not attributable. [A] acts as an entrepreneur within the meaning of the Turnover Tax Act 1968 and must be considered able to set off the VAT. The Subdistrict Court will therefore allocate the compensation exclusive of VAT, which is an amount of € 675.00.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">2.24.</span><p> [B] is the party that has been unsuccessful, both in the convention and in the counterclaim. He is therefore ordered to pay the costs of these proceedings. The Subdistrict Court<br/> estimate those costs on the part of [A] as follows: € 86.85 for issuing the writ of summons, € 236.00 for the court fee that [A] paid to the court and € 933.00 for salary of attorney (3 , 0 points times rate € 311.00), in total: € 1,255.85. Subsequent costs are estimated at the maximum rate of € 124.00.<span class="linebreak2"></span></p></div></div><div class="section beslissing"><h2> <span class="nr">3</span> The decision</h2><p> The Subdistrict Court:<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">3.1.</span><div class="parablock"><p> orders [B] against proper proof of discharge to pay to [A] an amount of € 6,675.00, plus the statutory commercial interest as referred to in Article 6: 119a of the Dutch Civil Code on:</p><p> - € 3,000.00 from November 1, 2019; and</p><p> - € 3,000.00 from November 29, 2019</p><p> until the day when everything is paid;</p></div><span class="linebreak1"></span></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">3.2.</span><p> orders [B] to pay the costs of the proceedings, estimated to date on the part of [A] at € 1,255.85 and € 124.00 for subsequent costs;<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">3.3.</span><p> declares this judgment provisionally enforceable;<span class="linebreak1"></span></p></div><div class="paragroup"> <span class="nr">3.4.</span><p> rejects the more advanced or otherwise advanced.<span class="linebreak1"></span></p><div class="parablock"><p> This judgment was rendered by mr. 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