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penalties, criminal or administrative, should be determined by Member State law. Article 84 requires Member States to adopt by national law specific provisions

Protection Law, Article 70 GDPR, margin number 4 (C.H. Beck 2019, 1st edition). Meijers Committee, Note on the use of soft law instruments under EU law, in particular

respects the rule of law, access to justice as well as international human rights norms and standards and its general and sectoral law, including legislation

framework through Article 83(4) GDPR. Article 83(4) GDPR provides that the infringement of Article 31 GDPR may be subject to administrative fines up to 10,000,000

confidentiality established by the law. The restrictive approach must be preferred, as obligations of confidentiality in national law differ in each member state

Parliament, and unwritten law. “Law” must be understood to include both statutory law and judge-made “law”. In sum, the “law”is the provision in force

organisational and administrative structure. Recital 121: General Conditions for the Member(s) of Supervisory Authorities The general conditions for the

revocation) may remove or amend the act issued by the Commission by an ordinary legislative act. As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify

procedural law. Those courts should exercise full jurisdiction, which should include jurisdiction to examine all questions of fact and law relevant to

State law which constitutes a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society to safeguard, in particular, important objectives of general public

propose the DPA to act as “the BCR Lead”. In its application, the group should include all relevant information about a nature and general structure of the

in the foundations of Union law, through Article 4(3) of the Treaty on the European Union ("TEU"), which imposes a general duty of sincere co-operation

required by Union or Member State law shall, designate a data protection officer. The data protection officer may act for such associations and other bodies

provision in the section on the general obligations which cannot be directly penalised with a fine under Article 83(4)(a) or Article 83(5) GDPR. EDPB and

joint representative, appointed in accordance with that Member State’s law, must act as representative to the Board. While the Commission may participate

for requesting such opinion or decision, including for the urgent need to act. 4. By derogation from Article 64(3) and Article 65(2), an urgent opinion or

wording of the Article provides that the Board shall "act independently," indicating that the EDPB must act autonomously in relation to the fulfilment of its

to Article 56 GDPR are Article 4(7) GDPR (definition of controller), Article 4(8) GDPR (definition of processor), Article 4(16) GDPR (definition of main

disclosures not authorised by Union law Any judgment of a court or tribunal and any decision of an administrative authority of a third country requiring

processor should be governed by a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, binding the processor to the controller, setting out the